The Children Of Indonesi A Cultural Perspective - 1610 Words

Every childhood is unique in its own way owing to diverse socio economic and cultural influences. To understand autonomy in its truest sense, it becomes pertinent that autonomy be viewed in relation to different childhood situations. We can then see how the meaning and manifestation of autonomy mutates to suit a particular childhood situation. I have presented three diverse childhood scenarios, first about the street children of Indonesia, second about an urban American boy and the third of my own. There are many factors that play a role in the development of autonomy in children. One such factor that influences this trait is the environment of the child. The Reggio approach acknowledges the interdependence of individual and social learning and also the part culture plays in understanding this interdependence (Fraser Gestwicki, 2002). An example of this can be observed among the street children of Indonesia. The mainstream society of Indonesia largely views the existence of street children as a contradiction to their basic beliefs on family values and public order. To combat this social subordination, street children (mainly boys) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia have developed strategies of their own, one of which involves appropriation of selected areas within the city where they are able to get employment opportunities, feel secure and find means of enjoyment. These urban pockets have become a haven for these street children where they are able to cultivate an identity of

President Abraham Lincoln A Politics With A Purpose

The Late Honorable President Abraham Lincoln known as a Politics with a Purpose President Abraham Lincoln Born February 12, 1809, is a friendly, honest, win over storyteller character that the people in Indiana love to him where he grew-up. As a politician in 1830’s to 40’s he became a three times state legislature, lawyer, a supporter of Revolution against British (whig) and professional in organizing a parties, he learned to be unreveal peroson, exchange favors, manipulate the press and cultivate his his people in politics. He also most well known in all his meaningful speech that most of the present politicians are amaze and always â€Å"qouted† in their speech when they run in the election to get the people’s attention. Like on his first speech when he enter in politics he point out this â€Å"Every man is said to have his own peculiar ambition† and more like â€Å"I am for the regular nominee in all cases,† â€Å"The man who is of neither party is not and cannot be of any consequence.† because of his cha racter being hilarious and direct in his speech, He also been given named as a â€Å"Abe Lincoln the rail of splitter† for his being well off, strong republican politician men. Politics with Intention President Abraham Lincoln served for eight years as a Illinois Legislature from 1834 to 1842 in a Whig Party and two years as junior Congressman in largely Democratic Washington from (1847-1849), then he became a lawyer for five years from 1849 to 1854. Then, November, 1860 he was theShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln, Slavery and the American Civil War Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation will analyze how Abraham Lincolns view on slavery reflected during and after the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865. To analyze exactly how Lincolns position on slavery affected the war overall, this investigation looks at Lincolns moral and religious views as well as his social and political views. Two main sources were used, both dealing with events relevant to his political career and his roots in his career and other important issues including slavery. 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Avatar (2009) and Princess Mononoke (1997) Free Essays

Literature is a powerful tool that can be used to address very pertinent issues in the world today, a major concern is a human interaction with the environment and the aftermath of the interaction, CGI Avatar and Anime Princess Mononoke have been used to illustrate the effect of human interaction with the environment. The two sets are primarily meant for children who need to be environmentally conscious as they grow up. Various postulations have been used to define the relationship between human beings and the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Avatar (2009) and Princess Mononoke (1997) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, there is a need to evaluate how literature can be used to address environmental issues, Glotfelty and Fromm (1996) state that ecocriticism revolves around establishing the relationship between various kinds of literature and the surrounding physical environment.an analogy is drawn of the way feminism examines the language and literature from a gender-based perspective is the same way ecocriticism bases its notion in an earth-anchored approach to literary studies. One of the most important aspects that can be used to dissect how human beings interact with the environment is using literature to figure out is either gender is majorly involved in the destruction of the environment or not ,as addressed by Bradford, Mallan, Stephens McCallum( 2008) Ecofeminism is viewed as , †Arising from the fusion of feminist and ecological thinking in the early 1970s, [ecofeminism] proposed that the social assumptions that underpin the domination and oppression of women are the same assumptions that bring about the abuse of the environment.† Avatar (2009) and Princess Mononoke (1997) offer contrasting views on the relationship between the environment and human beings.CGI Avatar, by James Cameron, forces the viewer to only choose between deep ecology and anthropocentrism which is environmentally destructive. Whereas Anime princess Mononoke, directed by Hayao Miyazaki tries to offer a more balanced and relatively less idealized notion as opposed to Avatar, the realistic arrangement between non-human nature and human beings. Avatar is in 3D, while Princess Mononoke is characterized by shades and nuances. Avatar is about a struggle where the victor has to destroy the competitor whereas Princess Mononoke is about a heated struggle between the conflicting parties where both sides eventually end up learning from each other. Representation of the environment in Avatar Avatar employs a Manichaean worldview (Givens and Matthew,2011) this is where two antagonistic forces viciously oppose each other and aim at being victorious over each other by elimination. Narminio and Kapell( 2011) The Na’ vi, cherish and happily live with nature characterized by religious practices that respect the environment ,they use analytical methods and instincts to understand how to coexist with the environment and at the other extreme end are the humans ,who viciously conquer new lands with paying homage or respect to the initial inhabitants ,they end up colonizing the new lands, the human beings behavior can be condensed in a western colonialism metaphor. In the first encounter, Neytiri shouts to Jake. â€Å"You have a strong heart, but you are stupid, like a child!† This modestly represents how our species coexist, Jake who is initially depicted as destructive when it comes to dealing with the environment. Whereas the Na’vi have always maintained and affirmed to the wisdom of their ancestors of always adopting deep ecology, this is despite the fact that they are not technologically endowed but they are able to interact better with the environment than humans. Human being practice shallow environmentalism, all they do as depicted by Cameron in Avatar is centered towards them. This is in contrast to the Na’vi, who always seek forgiveness for the animals they kill for food because they acknowledge they are taking away precious life. They always avoid destructive activities that affect the environment and only kill human beings when defending themselves. From this Avatar depicts that there is no sure way to interact peacefully with nature. In Avatar, the Na’vi can be depicted in terms of environmental ethics as being ‘holistic biometric’ this is because they comply with the approach. In fact, they comply thoroughly Arne Naess (2005) assertions on deep ecology as depicted below; The nurturing and flourishing of human (Na’vi) and the non-human(non-native) interaction should only benefit the Na’vi as the latter’s life form doesn’t benefit it benefits the former’s. The diversity of life forms is a catalyst that spurs the growth and development of both human life form and non-human life forms. Social justice environmentalism which can be defined as humans are obliged to ensure that they should not destroy the diversity of life forms expect if the activity is meant to satisfy very vital needs. The human being as depicted in Avatar behaves like a machine which is programmed to comply to cost benefits. What this shows is that they are ruthless colonizers who are only motivated by self-interest materialism. The notion of ethics has been mutilated in Avatar because it only defines the interaction between humans but quiet on how they should interact with the environment. Therefore, the human being as illustrated by Cameron in Avatar is a narcissistic figure, who is a cynical pragmatic and very suspicious of his environment and end up destructing it ,they do not position themselves in the role of ensuring they protect and conserve the environment ,they see them as being superior to everything and end up destroying the environment. Zeman( 2012) Avatar has clearly deviated from the expected Hollywood formula of having the Victors suffer but eventually triumph over evil. It is appalling that almost. In 99% of Avatar’s cases, humans have been depicted as not being able to evolve and live in harmony with the environment, they do not shift their beliefs to adjust to pressing issues and are highly insensitive to other issues that do not affect them directly. The movie’s plot should have ended with human beings being defeated and sent back to their original habitat. Representation of the environment in Princess Mononoke In contrast to Avatar, Mononoke’s views on the interaction between human beings and the environment are very interesting because the characters are flexible enough to shift their beliefs to suit the ever-changing dynamics of realities. At the end of the movie, the wolf-princess ends up remaining in the forest as its guardian and a fascinating turn of events is that she befriended a human being, something that at the beginning of the movie would not have been possible. Because she was furiously charging at human beings. Initially, the step of having human beings in the forest was faced with harsh criticism but later on both parties reconciled and they were able to live in together with harmony. Eboshi who was given chance to change her mindset, after being spared by Princess Mononoke agrees to change Iron Town by also considering the need to preserve it and the surrounding. Mononoke’s message which Is in contrast to Avatar is that the human character should be flexible enough to adjust to the ever-changing issues that affect the environment. However, if they cannot be intrinsically driven to do so then if it means destroying and influencing them to change cause even against their will but at the end, their character should be molded to be flexible in regards to environmental interaction. If they are able to change even if it means through suffering then it means the suffering was for a good cause. The new characters developed will be able to preserve the environment for future use. This is clearly depicted by Ashitaka who at the end says, â€Å"Even in the midst of hatred and slaughter, there is still much to live for. Wonderful encounters and beautiful things still exist.† In contrast to Avatar here, the characters define their own rigid paradigms, Princess Mononoke, flexibility in a change of beliefs encourages paradigms to shift and address the emerging issue. In Mononoke, it becomes evident that human beings are able to evolve as dictated by changing beliefs into a state of rich awareness about their interaction with the environment, this is the product of having made mistakes in the past and using them to find the right path that defines how beneficial it is to have a healthy relationship with the environment, this can be viewed as a mix of both deep ecology and shallow environmentalism. The advantage of this change in tune is that even if there are future challenges, ways will be invented to ensure that the challenge that bears conflict between human beings and the environment is amicably resolved. Because human beings inevitably have to exploit the natural resources but they should do so in a way that accommodates both the human and non-human. Princess Mononoke can be condensed in, former times, humans and nature interact in harmony but this peaceful coexistence is broken when human beings start conquering and exacting dominance over non-humans by use of guns. What follows is a conflict between nature and man, brute force is used to end the conflict since dialogue failed. The battle saw both parties losing and the iron Town was destroyed, the old forest set ablaze and this brought the forest spirit to an end. But Ashitaka and Mononoke eventually bring the peace that sees a peaceful coexistence between human and nature. In contrast to Avatar, Princess Mononoke brings forth a rather realistic lesson and effective in that it encourages both parties to acknowledge and learn from mistakes. Conclusion From the comparative analysis, it can be concluded that Avatar (2009) teaches a very poor lesson, this is because it shows that the majority of the species are incapable of constructively learning from their mistakes. It is also appalling that the mistakes mushroom to the extent that nothing can be done to change the whole situation, the film also states that those human beings who are able to adjust are those that have gone through a learning process to avert their prejudices and make their beliefs flexible in order to become a Na’vi. The movie also lets narcissism win, the individualistic nature should be shrugged because it does not shape most characters in the movie to be environmentally conscious. This is in total contrast to Princess Mononoke, this movie brings out a philosophy that should be adopted by many. Initially, there was an antagonism between human beings and entry to the forest but after some suffering and heated exchanges, it can be seen that at the end human beings were able to change their stand and addresses the need to coexist mutually and in harmony in the forest. How to cite Avatar (2009) and Princess Mononoke (1997), Papers

Design for Business Share in the Global Market

Question: Describe about the Design for Business for Share in the Global Market. Answer: A1. A huge range of the audio system, televisions, telephones, loudspeakers is sold by the BO in the April 2006. The successful selling of the DVD players, cordless telephones, home theatre system and many others showed a great interest towards using of latest gadgets among customers. The competitors like Sony, Thomson took a large competition with customer preferences, as did the outsider's company such as Apple, Microsoft, and many others with their huge marketing budget. According to Austin and Beyersporfer (2007, p.18), BO is best at their production strategy which protects their share in the global market. Many small companies have tried to imitate them but they never succeed due to the complicated understanding strategy for others, their unique materials and too expensive techniques used by BO. The other rivals are trying to catch up the position of BO by producing the new technology gadgets at a cheaper price than BO. This illusion may make the customers switch to the other companies. Moreover, the political instability and economic disorder may cause of big fluctuation risk in currency as they presently operating more than 150 countries. Therefore, they need to think about the currency fluctuation risk before entering a new market, as this is one of the main problems to be worried about. A2. The designing process of BO starts with coming up with new ideas which are mainly brought by their engineers. The engineers constantly search new idea with new technology with proper interpretation and right concept. However, BO resurfaces the rejected ideas and give those around of second or third. The second step is substance, which refers a personality with uniqueness. Usually, BO brings some cardboard to sketch their thinking. Once they pass the initial process, they go for a hardware process with the software-based environment of prototyping, which is hardly used by other companies. Then they figure out what items to be produced in what manner with the help of artisans, engineers, managers and designers. The designers get involved throughout the development. Unlike the competitors, they put the things open for applying the idea if it arises even at the end of the production line. Austin and Beyersporfer (2007, p.20) has commented that BO produces a large number of home elect ronics products at a cheaper rate, whereas the other competitors use to produce high volume products with long life and this benefit of cost segmentation share in the market makes BO unique worldwide. The firm is an 80-year-old company with a very successful design process, which changes the winning approach in the global market. A3. Strength: The greatest strengths of BO are the high-quality performance and the unique technologies, which bring their products a brand value. For their technical solutions and great designs, they have won some awards. The other main strength is the customer care and customer relationship. Usually, they offer their customers from B1 shops for which they receive the choice of getting their desired products from the spot. Moreover, they build a strong relationship with the suppliers also. A good relationship with them and retention of them decreases the complexity of searching high quality of product at a certain price without bargaining for price changing. Weakness: In 2008, they faced a huge financial crisis for which the cost of the products got higher. Nevertheless, due to the presence of other cheaper products in the market, the customers are moving to the rival companies as everyone wants to be the first in the race for the intense competition growing in the world. Moreover, the cost of labour, the stock of raw materials, higher shipping cost are also the cause of higher price of BOs product. The competitors take this advantage by offering the customers at a cheaper cost of product unlike the BOs extreme expensive items, which is gradually snatching the position of BO in the market. A4. Idea Lab was located to change the approach of designing process of BO as the number of rivals increases day by day. Everything is going digital so, the process of designing also be changed and more inspirational. Idea Lab realised that to diminish the demerits, they firstly have to communicate with the engineers and the designers. Therefore, in the eight months, they tried to find the proper way to communicate and then started cardboard models and tangible methods for designing. Idea Lab took the graphics initiative and visualisation method to build a demo facility which featured in the customer's kitchen, living room, and bedrooms. They generate new BO media techniques, which are supportable for their product integration and new interface concept. It will definitely work as it has many advantages and it is showed in the past years that the market share also has increased for adopting this policy. Nevertheless, the traditional producers are mainly from the backgrounds of cross-product software concepts. New software solutions are needed to be learned failing which the Idea Lab team would lose the software-designing link as well as the customer preferences. Moreover, they need to think about the currency fluctuation risk before entering a new market, as this is one of the main problems to be worried about. A5. BO have managed their product range into virtual space, but not totally, they have reached as the market is becoming very competitive. All are trying to invent new product with high technology at a cheaper rate. Austin and Beyersporer (2007, p.22) has commented that though they are one of the superior companies selling products physically, but are facing problem virtually. The techniques they adopting are very expensive and time taking also and in that time gap, the rival companies take the entry in the market. For an example, BO is very well established in the sound and design market both in physical and in the virtual market for their lots of experience in the past decades. Despite having so experiences, they cannot cope up with the mobile and tablet market, as there exists a much rapid change; every day something new is coming in this technology. Therefore, it is very hard for a company to remain the same position in the competitive market. In addition, the shipping charges, g overnment rules, and regulations, cost of labour, logistics of raw materials make an incensement in the cost of production. The competitors take this advantage by offering the customers at a cheaper cost of product unlike the BO's extreme expensive items, which is gradually snatching the position of BO in the market. Reference list Austin, R. and Beyersporer, D. (2007). Bang and Olufsen: Design Driven Innovation. Harvard Business School. 1(1), pp.17-22.